Sunday, 10 April 2011
solutions for solaris,backup and storage: Hardware RAID configuration in T3-1 Oracle server
solutions for solaris,backup and storage: Hardware RAID configuration in T3-1 Oracle server: "Today I got a chance to configure Hardware RAID in T3-1 oracle server. T3-1 servers are recently launched Chip Multithread servers (CMT) fro..."
Hardware RAID configuration in T3-1 Oracle server
Today I got a chance to configure Hardware RAID in T3-1 oracle server.
T3-1 servers are recently launched Chip Multithread servers (CMT) from oracle which provides a good platform for virtualization applications especially for LDOMS(Unfortunate that i havent tried yet),Containers..
The method of configuring Hardware Raid is simple.The thing is that we will get confused after following steps suggested from Oracle.I have made it simpler.Its mentioned below.Seems Interesting.
Login to the server,you will find 2 harddisk in the server(By default).
1)root@PSBL223 # format
Searching for disks...done
AVAILABLE DISK SELECTIONS:
0. c0t5000CCA0151C7EB4d0 <SUN300G cyl 46873 alt 2 hd 20 sec 625>
/scsi_vhci/disk@g5000cca0151c7eb4
1. c0t5000CCA0151C7F80d0 <SUN300G cyl 46873 alt 2 hd 20 sec 625>
/scsi_vhci/disk@g5000cca0151c7f80
Specify disk (enter its number): ^C
T3-1 servers are recently launched Chip Multithread servers (CMT) from oracle which provides a good platform for virtualization applications especially for LDOMS(Unfortunate that i havent tried yet),Containers..
The method of configuring Hardware Raid is simple.The thing is that we will get confused after following steps suggested from Oracle.I have made it simpler.Its mentioned below.Seems Interesting.
Login to the server,you will find 2 harddisk in the server(By default).
1)root@PSBL223 # format
Searching for disks...done
AVAILABLE DISK SELECTIONS:
0. c0t5000CCA0151C7EB4d0 <SUN300G cyl 46873 alt 2 hd 20 sec 625>
/scsi_vhci/disk@g5000cca0151c7eb4
1. c0t5000CCA0151C7F80d0 <SUN300G cyl 46873 alt 2 hd 20 sec 625>
/scsi_vhci/disk@g5000cca0151c7f80
Specify disk (enter its number): ^C
-----------------------------------------------------------
Now poweroff server to go to SC prompt.What i did was, i gave a tip connection from another solaris server and worked from a remote location.
2)#init 5-----------------------------------------------------------Start the SP console. Note: Before starting the console please check in which all slots are the HDD's are inserted in.When I got the server 2 HDD's were there, in which 1 HDD was in the 0th slot and other one in 3rd slot.What i did was i took out the HDD from 3rd slot and inserted it in 1st slot
3)-->start /SYS
Are you sure you want to start /SYS (y/n)? yStarting /SYS /SYS Targets: MB MB_ENV USBBD DVD PS0 PS1 SASBP PDB CONNBD FANBD INTSW PWRBS VPS T_AMB OK LOCATE SERVICE PS_FAULT TEMP_FAULT FAN_FAULT
Properties: type = Host System ipmi_name = /SYS keyswitch_state = Normal product_name = SPARC T3-1 product_part_number = 4745525-4 product_serial_number = 1052BDR5A3 product_manufacturer = Oracle Corporation fault_state = OK clear_fault_action = (none) power_state = On
Commands: cd reset set show start stop
----------------------------------------------------------------
Now you can go to the console from SP conssole
4)-> start /HOST/console
Are you sure you want to start /HOST/console (y/n)? y
Serial console started. To stop, type #.
----------------------------------------------------------------
Check for all the devices connected in server using below command and you will find the below output
5){0} ok show-devs
/pci-performance-counters@400
/niu@480
/pci@400
/cpu@7f
/cpu@7e
/cpu@7d
/cpu@7c
/cpu@7b
/cpu@7a
/cpu@79
/cpu@78
/cpu@77
/cpu@76
/cpu@75
/cpu@74
/cpu@73
/cpu@72
/cpu@71
/cpu@70
/cpu@6f
/cpu@6e
/cpu@6d
[7m More [<space>,<cr>,q,n,p,c] ? [m
/cpu@6c
/cpu@6b
/cpu@6a
/cpu@69
/cpu@68
/cpu@67
/cpu@66
/cpu@65
/cpu@64
/cpu@63
/cpu@62
/cpu@61
/cpu@60
/cpu@5f
/cpu@5e
/cpu@5d
/cpu@5c
/cpu@5b
/cpu@5a
/cpu@59
/cpu@58
/cpu@57
/cpu@56
[7m More [<space>,<cr>,q,n,p,c] ? [m
/cpu@55
/cpu@54
/cpu@53
/cpu@52
/cpu@51
/cpu@50
/cpu@4f
/cpu@4e
/cpu@4d
/cpu@4c
/cpu@4b
/cpu@4a
/cpu@49
/cpu@48
/cpu@47
/cpu@46
/cpu@45
/cpu@44
/cpu@43
/cpu@42
/cpu@41
/cpu@40
/cpu@3f
[7m More [<space>,<cr>,q,n,p,c] ? [m
/cpu@3e
/cpu@3d
/cpu@3c
/cpu@3b
/cpu@3a
/cpu@39
/cpu@38
/cpu@37
/cpu@36
/cpu@35
/cpu@34
/cpu@33
/cpu@32
/cpu@31
/cpu@30
/cpu@2f
/cpu@2e
/cpu@2d
/cpu@2c
/cpu@2b
/cpu@2a
/cpu@29
/cpu@28
[7m More [<space>,<cr>,q,n,p,c] ? [m
/cpu@27
/cpu@26
/cpu@25
/cpu@24
/cpu@23
/cpu@22
/cpu@21
/cpu@20
/cpu@1f
/cpu@1e
/cpu@1d
/cpu@1c
/cpu@1b
/cpu@1a
/cpu@19
/cpu@18
/cpu@17
/cpu@16
/cpu@15
/cpu@14
/cpu@13
/cpu@12
/cpu@11
[7m More [<space>,<cr>,q,n,p,c] ? [m
/cpu@10
/cpu@f
/cpu@e
/cpu@d
/cpu@c
/cpu@b
/cpu@a
/cpu@9
/cpu@8
/cpu@7
/cpu@6
/cpu@5
/cpu@4
/cpu@3
/cpu@2
/cpu@1
/cpu@0
/virtual-devices@100
/iscsi-hba
/virtual-memory
/memory@m0,20000000
/aliases
/options
[7m More [<space>,<cr>,q,n,p,c] ? [m
/openprom
/chosen
/packages
/pci@400/pci@2
/pci@400/pci@1
/pci@400/pci@2/pci@0
/pci@400/pci@2/pci@0/pci@f
/pci@400/pci@2/pci@0/pci@c
/pci@400/pci@2/pci@0/pci@a
/pci@400/pci@2/pci@0/pci@8
/pci@400/pci@2/pci@0/pci@7
/pci@400/pci@2/pci@0/pci@6
/pci@400/pci@2/pci@0/pci@4
/pci@400/pci@2/pci@0/pci@0
/pci@400/pci@2/pci@0/pci@f/pci@0
/pci@400/pci@2/pci@0/pci@f/pci@0/usb@0,2
[7m More [<space>,<cr>,q,n,p,c] ? [m
/pci@400/pci@2/pci@0/pci@f/pci@0/usb@0,1
/pci@400/pci@2/pci@0/pci@f/pci@0/usb@0
/pci@400/pci@2/pci@0/pci@f/pci@0/usb@0,2/hub@4
/pci@400/pci@2/pci@0/pci@f/pci@0/usb@0,2/hub@2
/pci@400/pci@2/pci@0/pci@f/pci@0/usb@0,2/hub@2/device@4
/pci@400/pci@2/pci@0/pci@f/pci@0/usb@0,2/hub@2/hub@3
/pci@400/pci@2/pci@0/pci@f/pci@0/usb@0,2/hub@2/device@4/mouse@1
/pci@400/pci@2/pci@0/pci@f/pci@0/usb@0,2/hub@2/device@4/keyboard@0
/pci@400/pci@2/pci@0/pci@f/pci@0/usb@0,2/hub@2/hub@3/storage@2
/pci@400/pci@2/pci@0/pci@f/pci@0/usb@0,2/hub@2/hub@3/storage@2/disk
/pci@400/pci@2/pci@0/pci@7/network@0,1
/pci@400/pci@2/pci@0/pci@7/network@0
/pci@400/pci@2/pci@0/pci@6/network@0,1
/pci@400/pci@2/pci@0/pci@6/network@0
/pci@400/pci@2/pci@0/pci@4/scsi@0
/pci@400/pci@2/pci@0/pci@4/scsi@0/disk
/pci@400/pci@2/pci@0/pci@4/scsi@0/tape
/pci@400/pci@2/pci@0/pci@0/pci@0
/pci@400/pci@2/pci@0/pci@0/pci@0/display@0
/pci@400/pci@1/pci@0
/pci@400/pci@1/pci@0/pci@8
/pci@400/pci@1/pci@0/pci@6
/pci@400/pci@1/pci@0/pci@4
[7m More [<space>,<cr>,q,n,p,c] ? [m
/pci@400/pci@1/pci@0/pci@0
/pci@400/pci@1/pci@0/pci@4/scsi@0
/pci@400/pci@1/pci@0/pci@4/scsi@0/disk
/pci@400/pci@1/pci@0/pci@4/scsi@0/tape
/virtual-devices@100/channel-devices@200
/virtual-devices@100/console@1
/virtual-devices@100/random-number-generator@e
/virtual-devices@100/ncp@6
/virtual-devices@100/n2cp@7
/virtual-devices@100/tpm@f
/virtual-devices@100/flashprom@0
/virtual-devices@100/channel-devices@200/virtual-domain-service@0
/virtual-devices@100/channel-devices@200/virtual-channel-client@2
/virtual-devices@100/channel-devices@200/virtual-channel-client@1
/virtual-devices@100/channel-devices@200/virtual-channel@3
/virtual-devices@100/channel-devices@200/virtual-channel@0
/iscsi-hba/disk
/openprom/client-services
/packages/obp-tftp
/packages/kbd-translator
/packages/SUNW,asr
/packages/dropins
/packages/terminal-emulator
[7m More [<space>,<cr>,q,n,p,c] ? [m
/packages/disk-label
/packages/deblocker
/packages/SUNW,builtin-drivers
{0} ok
{0} ok
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Run probe-scsi-all command and check its showing all targets present in the server
Here you can find 2 targets Target 9 and Target a,though only Target 9 is working..we need to select new SCSI device.
6){0} ok probe-scsi-all
/pci@400/pci@2/pci@0/pci@f/pci@0/usb@0,2/hub@2/hub@3/storage@2
Unit 0 Removable Read Only device AMI Virtual CDROM 1.00
/pci@400/pci@2/pci@0/pci@4/scsi@0
FCode Version 1.00.54 , MPT Version 2.00, Firmware Version 5.00.17.00
Target 9
Unit 0 Disk HITACHI H103030SCSUN300G A2A8 585937500 Blocks, 300 GB
SASDeviceName 5000cca0151c7f80 SASAddress 5000cca0151c7f81 PhyNum 0
Target a
Unit 0 Removable Read Only device TEAC DV-W28SS-R 1.0C
SATA device PhyNum 6
/pci@400/pci@1/pci@0/pci@4/scsi@0
FCode Version 1.00.54 , MPT Version 2.00, Firmware Version 5.00.17.00
Target 9
Unit 0 Disk HITACHI H103030SCSUN300G A2A8 585937500 Blocks, 300 GB
SASDeviceName 5000cca0151c7eb4 SASAddress 5000cca0151c7eb5 PhyNum 0
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Now if you give you show-children we can clearly see only one target.
7){0} ok select /pci@400/pci@1/pci@0/pci@4/scsi@0 (or select scsi0)
{0} ok show-children
FCode Version 1.00.54 , MPT Version 2.00, Firmware Version 5.00.17.00
Target 9
Unit 0 Disk HITACHI H103030SCSUN300G A2A8 585937500 Blocks, 300 GB
SASDeviceName 5000cca0151c7eb4 SASAddress 5000cca0151c7eb5 PhyNum 0
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Now select the other scsi1 in which we have inserted the 2nd Hdd. The 2 devices needed to be selected i have marked in red colour in show-devs OBP command
8){0} ok select /pci@400/pci@2/pci@0/pci@4/scsi@0
{0} ok show-children
FCode Version 1.00.54, MPT Version 2.00, Firmware Version 5.00.17.00
Target 9
Unit 0 Disk HITACHI H103030SCSUN300G A2A8 585937500 Blocks, 300 GB
SASDeviceName 5000cca0151c7eb4 SASAddress 5000cca0151c7eb5 PhyNum 0
Target a
Unit 0 Disk HITACHI H103030SCSUN300G A2A8 585937500 Blocks, 300 GB
SASDeviceName 5000cca0151c7f80 SASAddress 5000cca0151c7f81 PhyNum 1
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Now you can create a RAID using following command with volume size and a volume name.
9){0} ok 9 a create-raid1-volume
Target 9 size is 583983104 Blocks, 298 GB
Target a size is 583983104 Blocks, 298 GB
The volume can be any size from 1 MB to 285148 MB
What size do you want? [285148]
Volume size will be 583983104 Blocks, 298 GB
Enter a volume name: [0 to 15 characters] v0
Volume has been created-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Check for if its showing volumes properly
10){0} ok show-volumes
Volume 0 Target 389 Type RAID1 (Mirroring)
Name v0 WWID 04b8a3893433dc55
Optimal Enabled Background Init In Progress
2 Members 583983104 Blocks, 298 GB
Disk 0
Primary Optimal
Target 9 HITACHI H103030SCSUN300G A2A8
Disk 1
Secondary Optimal
Target a HITACHI H103030SCSUN300G A2A8-------------------------------------------------------------
After starting the server please verify the format output that it will show only one disk as Raid formation of 2 disk.11)# formatSearching for disks...done c0t34B8A3893433DC55d0: configured with capacity of 277.99GB AVAILABLE DISK SELECTIONS: 0. c0t34B8A3893433DC55d0 <LSI-LogicalVolume-3000 cyl 65533 alt 2 hd 64 sec 139> /pci@400/pci@1/pci@0/pci@4/scsi@0/iport@v0/disk@w34b8a3893433dc55,0 Specify disk (enter its number): 0 selecting c0t34B8A3893433DC55d0 [disk formatted] Disk not labeled. Label it now? nThus Hardware RAID is configured..In case of any doubts please ask your questions in my blog..
Saturday, 9 April 2011
X-Manager Configuration in Solaris 10
I was asked to install oracle client. but then i found it difficult as i was not able to login to server through X-Manager.The server was Oracle Solaris 10 and it was in a T3-1 server.A server recently launched with New feature of Hardware RAID.Configuration of hardware raid in T3-1 will be posted in my next article.Here is how i configured X-manager for the server through service configure
Earlier in Solaris 9(before release of solaris 10 )every services was in the form of file systems.Like for starting SSH, u need to go to /etc/init.d and start a particular service linked with rc.xx scripts.But after the release of Solaris 10 A concept like that of registry in windows was put into this unix flavour...andn this structure we can configure.Seems interestin, right???.Another thing is even we can make a new service
Before that let me put a word on X-manager which is a tool through which we can login to any Unix server in GUI mode.There are some other tools like humming Bird..etc...But X-Manager is preferred due to its flexibility and performance.
Through command svccfg we can configure any service
1)# svccfg
svc:>
from here if you press tab button 2 times you can see which all are the services.and for X-Manager select the service 'cde-login'
2)select cde-login
svc:/application/graphical-login/cde-login>
here again if you give tab button 2 times you can see various options.I have listed property 'arg'
3)svc:/application/graphical-login/cde-login>
Earlier in Solaris 9(before release of solaris 10 )every services was in the form of file systems.Like for starting SSH, u need to go to /etc/init.d and start a particular service linked with rc.xx scripts.But after the release of Solaris 10 A concept like that of registry in windows was put into this unix flavour...andn this structure we can configure.Seems interestin, right???.Another thing is even we can make a new service
Before that let me put a word on X-manager which is a tool through which we can login to any Unix server in GUI mode.There are some other tools like humming Bird..etc...But X-Manager is preferred due to its flexibility and performance.
Through command svccfg we can configure any service
1)# svccfg
svc:>
from here if you press tab button 2 times you can see which all are the services.and for X-Manager select the service 'cde-login'
-----------------------------------------------------------
2)select cde-login
svc:/application/graphical-login/cde-login>
here again if you give tab button 2 times you can see various options.I have listed property 'arg'
3)svc:/application/graphical-login/cde-login>
add delhash exit inventory repository validate
addpg delpg export list select
apply delprop extract listpg set
archive editprop help listprop setprop
delete end import quit unselect
svc:/application/graphical-login/cde-login> listprop arg
-----------------------------------------------------------
now i set the property dtlogin/args with udp port 177 and quit it
4)svc:/application/graphical-login/cde-login> setprop dtlogin/args=astring:" -udpPort 177"svc:/application/graphical-login/cde-login> quit
-----------------------------------------------------------
after that i restarted the service cde-login.
5)# svcadm restart cde-logincheck for the service if its running or not..you are supposed to get a service running on udpPort 177
and if its running then its done.Else you do one thing.(sshhh.... take a hammer and make it into a round shape..we can play football)
-------------------------------------------------------------
6)# pgrep -lf dtlogin18325 /usr/dt/bin/dtlogin -daemon -udpPort 177Now you can login to your server through X-manager
Saturday, 12 March 2011
Adding SWAP space and DUMP space to a ZFS installed solaris SPARC machine.
Its very easy to add swap space in ZFS installed machine and the concept is same as that of UFS.
In UFS we make use of commands 'mkfile' and 'swap -a'.Here with the use of a single command we add swap space and dump space.Below i have mentioned the step by step procedure:
In UFS we make use of commands 'mkfile' and 'swap -a'.Here with the use of a single command we add swap space and dump space.Below i have mentioned the step by step procedure:
1st check the size given for dump size using the below command 1)bash-3.00# zfs get volsize zpool/dump NAME PROPERTY VALUE SOURCE zpool/dump volsize 1G local ------------------------------------------ now i am going to change the size of dump using the below command 2)bash-3.00# zfs set volsize=2G zpool/dump ------------------------------------------ we can check the swap size and we can find the size is changed to 2G 3)bash-3.00# zfs get volsize zpool/dump NAME PROPERTY VALUE SOURCE zpool/dump volsize 2G local ------------------------------------------ similarly for swap 1)bash-3.00# zfs get volsize zpool/swap NAME PROPERTY VALUE SOURCE zpool/swap volsize 14.6G local 2)bash-3.00# zfs set volsize=20G zpool/swap 3)bash-3.00# zfs get volsize zpool/swap NAME PROPERTY VALUE SOURCE zpool/swap volsize 20G local ----------------------------------------------
Creating Alternate Boot Enviornment for ZFS
Today i learned how to create an alternate boot enviornment for a ZFS installed solaris SPARC machine.
I follwed the below steps:
I follwed the below steps:
Check if any boot enviornments are created already or not 1)bash-3.00# lustatus ERROR: No boot environments are configured on this system ERROR: cannot determine list of all boot environment names
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
so here only one boot enviornment is configured,now we can create
one more boot enviornment by 'lucreate' command with the alternate
boot enviornment name as 's10s_u9wos_14a2'(here i have given name to my choice)
2)bash-3.00# lucreate -n s10s_u9wos_14a2
Analyzing system configuration.
No name for current boot environment.
INFORMATION: The current boot environment is not named - assigning name <s10s_u9wos_14a>.
Current boot environment is named <s10s_u9wos_14a>.
Creating initial configuration for primary boot environment <s10s_u9wos_14a>.
The device </dev/dsk/c1t0d0s0> is not a root device for any boot environment; cannot get BE ID.
PBE configuration successful: PBE name <s10s_u9wos_14a> PBE Boot Device </dev/dsk/c1t0d0s0>.
Comparing source boot environment <s10s_u9wos_14a> file systems with the
file system(s) you specified for the new boot environment. Determining
which file systems should be in the new boot environment.
Updating boot environment description database on all BEs.
Updating system configuration files.
Creating configuration for boot environment <s10s_u9wos_14a2>.
Source boot environment is <s10s_u9wos_14a>.
Creating boot environment <s10s_u9wos_14a2>.
Cloning file systems from boot environment <s10s_u9wos_14a> to create boot environment <s10s_u9wos_14a2>.
Creating snapshot for <zpool/ROOT/s10s_u9wos_14a> on <zpool/ROOT/s10s_u9wos_14a@s10s_u9wos_14a2>.
Creating clone for <zpool/ROOT/s10s_u9wos_14a@s10s_u9wos_14a2> on <zpool/ROOT/s10s_u9wos_14a2>.
Setting canmount=noauto for </> in zone <global> on <zpool/ROOT/s10s_u9wos_14a2>.
Creating snapshot for <zpool/ROOT/s10s_u9wos_14a/var> on <zpool/ROOT/s10s_u9wos_14a/var@s10s_u9wos_14a2>.
Creating clone for <zpool/ROOT/s10s_u9wos_14a/var@s10s_u9wos_14a2> on <zpool/ROOT/s10s_u9wos_14a2/var>.
Setting canmount=noauto for </var> in zone <global> on <zpool/ROOT/s10s_u9wos_14a2/var>.
Creating dataset <zpool/ROOT/s10s_u9wos_14a2/zoneds/zonesan-s10s_u9wos_14a2> for zone <zonesan>
Copying root of zone <zonesan>.
Creating snapshot for <zpool/export/home/zonejos> on <zpool/export/home/zonejos@s10s_u9wos_14a2>.
Creating clone for <zpool/export/home/zonejos@s10s_u9wos_14a2> on <zpool/export/home/zonejos-s10s_u9wos_14a2>.
Population of boot environment <s10s_u9wos_14a2> successful.
Creation of boot environment <s10s_u9wos_14a2> successful.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Check for the new boot enviornment created
3)bash-3.00# lustatus
Boot Environment Is Active Active Can Copy
Name Complete Now On Reboot Delete Status
-------------------------- -------- ------ --------- ------ ----------
s10s_u9wos_14a yes yes yes no -
s10s_u9wos_14a2 yes no no yes -
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4)bash-3.00# zfs list NAME USED AVAIL REFER MOUNTPOINT zpool 22.9G 111G 97K /zpool zpool/ROOT 5.57G 111G 21K legacy zpool/ROOT/s10s_u9wos_14a 5.47G 111G 5.38G / zpool/ROOT/s10s_u9wos_14a@s10s_u9wos_14a2 78.5K - 5.38G - zpool/ROOT/s10s_u9wos_14a/var 93.0M 111G 92.9M /var zpool/ROOT/s10s_u9wos_14a/var@s10s_u9wos_14a2 59K - 92.9M - zpool/ROOT/s10s_u9wos_14a2 104M 111G 5.38G / zpool/ROOT/s10s_u9wos_14a2/var 0 111G 92.9M /var zpool/dump 2.00G 111G 2.00G - zpool/export 201M 111G 23K /export zpool/export/home 201M 111G 104M /export/home zpool/swap 15.1G 126G 16K - -----------------------------------------------------------
if you have created zones the boot enviornment will reflect there also. here i configured a zone 'zonejos' 5)bash-3.00# zfs list NAME USED AVAIL REFER MOUNTPOINT zpool 22.9G 111G 97K /zpool zpool/ROOT 5.57G 111G 21K legacy zpool/ROOT/s10s_u9wos_14a 5.47G 111G 5.38G / zpool/ROOT/s10s_u9wos_14a@s10s_u9wos_14a2 78.5K - 5.38G - zpool/ROOT/s10s_u9wos_14a/var 93.0M 111G 92.9M /var zpool/ROOT/s10s_u9wos_14a/var@s10s_u9wos_14a2 59K - 92.9M - zpool/ROOT/s10s_u9wos_14a2 104M 111G 5.38G / zpool/ROOT/s10s_u9wos_14a2/var 0 111G 92.9M /var zpool/ROOT/s10s_u9wos_14a2/zoneds 103M 111G 23K /zoneds zpool/ROOT/s10s_u9wos_14a2/zoneds/zonesan-s10s_u9wos_14a2 103M 111G 103M /zoneds/zonesan-s10s_u9wos_14a2 zpool/dump 2.00G 111G 2.00G - zpool/export 201M 111G 23K /export zpool/export/home 201M 111G 104M /export/home zpool/export/home/zonejos 97.0M 111G 97.0M /export/home/zonejos zpool/export/home/zonejos@s10s_u9wos_14a2 0 - 97.0M - zpool/export/home/zonejos-s10s_u9wos_14a2 39.5K 111G 97.0M /export/home/zonejos-s10s_u9wos_14a2 zpool/swap 15.1G 126G 16K ----------------------------------------------------------------you can boot from alternate boot envionment using boot -L command from ok> prompt or using luactivate command and its recommended highly not to give reboot commands or shutdoen commands6)bash-3.00# luactivate s10s_u9wos_14a2 A Live Upgrade Sync operation will be performed on startup of boot environment <s10s_u9wos_14a2>.---------------------------------------------------------------{2} ok boot -L Boot device: /pci@9,600000/SUNW,qlc@2/fp@0,0/disk@w500000e0129fa191,0:a File and args: -L 1 s10s_u9wos_14a 2 s10s_u9wos_14a2 Select environment to boot: [ 1 - 2 ]: 2 To boot the selected entry, invoke: boot [<root-device>] -Z zpool/ROOT/s10s_u9wos_14a2 {2} ok boot -Z rpool/ROOT/zfsnv_952BE Resetting ...{2} ok boot -Z zpool/ROOT/s10s_u9wos_14a2 Resetting ... Software Reset Enabling system bus....... Done Initializing CPUs......... Done Initializing boot memory.. Done Initializing OpenBoot Probing system devices Probing I/O buses Sun Fire V490, No Keyboard Copyright 2005 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved. OpenBoot 4.18.8, 8192 MB memory installed, Serial #71211080. Ethernet address 0:14:4f:3e:98:48, Host ID: 843e9848. Rebooting with command: boot -Z zpool/ROOT/s10s_u9wos_14a2 Boot device: /pci@9,600000/SUNW,qlc@2/fp@0,0/disk@w500000e0129fa191,0:a File and args: -Z zpool/ROOT/s10s_u9wos_14a2 SunOS Release 5.10 Version Generic_142909-17 64-bit Copyright (c) 1983, 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Hostname: PTEST231 Reading ZFS config: done. Mounting ZFS filesystems: (19/19) PTEST231 console login:----------------------------------------------------------------------------now the boot environment is the new one created.At times we will get an error that root file system will not get mounted,what i did was:got to single user mode from cdrom{2}ok boot cdrom -snow just try restarting system usin init command(Please don't use reboot or shutdown command)#init 6again if its coming to ok prompt then we have to try another method,1) Boot the machine to Single User mode from solaris dvd{2}ok boot cdrom -s----------------------------------------------------------------------Now mount / directory (from current boot environment) on to a new directory,say /mnt after that run command 'luactivate' which activte earlier boot enviornment2) #zpool import zpool3) #zfs get mountpoint zpool/ROOT/s10s_u9wos_14a4) #zfs get mounted zpool/ROOT/s10s_u9wos_14a5) #zfs set mountpoint=/mnt zpool/ROOT/s10s_u9wos_14a6) #zfs mount zpool/ROOT/s10s_u9wos_14a (name of my pool is 'zpool' and don't get confused)7) #/mnt/sbin/luactivate8) #init 6it will be successful
Wednesday, 9 March 2011
Breaking ROOT Password in ZFS Solaris SPARC machine
Today i learnd how to reset the root password for a ZFS installed OS on a sparc machine.The concept is same as in UFS except for the commands used .Below i have mentioned it in a systematic way:
I booted the system into single user mode after inserting the solaris 10 cd
1)# boot cdrom -s{10} ok boot cdrom -s
Resetting ...
Software Reset
Enabling system bus....... Done
Initializing CPUs......... Done
Initializing boot memory.. Done
Initializing OpenBoot
Probing system devices
Probing I/O buses
Sun Fire V490, No Keyboard
Copyright 2005 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved.
OpenBoot 4.18.8, 32768 MB memory installed, Serial #712224356.
Ethernet address 0:14:4f:3r:9t:42, Host ID: 843e11324.
Rebooting with command: boot cdrom -s
Boot device: /pci@8,700000/ide@6/cdrom@0,0:f File and args: -s
SunOS Release 5.10 Version Generic_142909-17 64-bit
Copyright (c) 1983, 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Booting to milestone "milestone/single-user:default".
Configuring devices.
Using RPC Bootparams for network configuration information.
Attempting to configure interface ce5...
Skipped interface ce5
Attempting to configure interface ce4...
Skipped interface ce4
Attempting to configure interface ce3...
Skipped interface ce3
Attempting to configure interface ce2...
Skipped interface ce2
Attempting to configure interface ce1...
Skipped interface ce1
Attempting to configure interface ce0...
Configured interface ce0
WARNING: ce0 has duplicate address 010.131.048.221 (in use by 0:14:4f:3r:9t:42); disabled
Requesting System Maintenance Mode
SINGLE USER MODE
# df -h
Filesystem size used avail capacity Mounted on
/ramdisk-root:a 197M 175M 2.3M 99% /
/devices 0K 0K 0K 0% /devices
ctfs 0K 0K 0K 0% /system/contract
proc 0K 0K 0K 0% /proc
mnttab 0K 0K 0K 0% /etc/mnttab
swap 7.4G 344K 7.4G 1% /etc/svc/volatile
objfs 0K 0K 0K 0% /system/object
sharefs 0K 0K 0K 0% /etc/dfs/sharetab
swap 7.4G 592K 7.4G 1% /tmp
/tmp/dev 7.4G 592K 7.4G 1% /dev
fd 0K 0K 0K 0% /dev/fd
/devices/pci@8,700000/ide@6/sd@0,0:f
2.1G 2.1G 0K 100% /cdrom
df: cannot statvfs /platform/sun4u-us3/lib/libc_psr.so.1: Operation not applicable
df: cannot statvfs /platform/sun4u-us3/lib/sparcv9/libc_psr.so.1: Operation not applicable
swap 7.4G 8K 7.4G 1% /tmp/root/var/run
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------If you need to work on vi,just export your EDITOR and TERMINAL
just check for ZFS file systems mounted
2) #export EDITOR=viexport TERM=vt100
# zfs list
no datasets available
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------as there are no pools we have to import pools and
this will tell what all pools are there to import
3)# zpool import
pool: zpool
id: 12781544736217994069
state: ONLINE
action: The pool can be imported using its name or numeric identifier.
config:
zpool ONLINE
c1t0d0s0 ONLINE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------import the pool required and it will display the following message.
These ZFS file systems doesn't get mounted but still it exists
4)# zpool import zpool
cannot mount '/export': failed to create mountpoint
cannot mount '/export/home': failed to create mountpoint
cannot mount '/zpool': failed to create mountpoint
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------now check for the ZFS filesystems mounted,we can notice that the /etc/shadow file
that we need to access is in zpool/ROOT/s10s_u9wos_14a which is mounted on / is in use
5)# zfs list
NAME USED AVAIL REFER MOUNTPOINT
zpool 21.6G 112G 96K /zpool
zpool/ROOT 5.46G 112G 21K legacy
zpool/ROOT/s10s_u9wos_14a 5.46G 112G 5.37G /
zpool/ROOT/s10s_u9wos_14a/var 92.3M 112G 92.3M /var
zpool/dump 1.00G 112G 1.00G -
zpool/export 44K 112G 23K /export
zpool/export/home 21K 112G 21K /export/home
zpool/swap 15.1G 127G 16K -
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------Just check the status of that mount point(zpool/ROOT/s10s_u9wos_14a) mounted on root
and set a mount point
6)# zfs get mountpoint zpool/ROOT/s10s_u9wos_14a
NAME PROPERTY VALUE SOURCE
zpool/ROOT/s10s_u9wos_14a mountpoint / local
# zfs get mounted zpool/ROOT/s10s_u9wos_14a
NAME PROPERTY VALUE SOURCE
zpool/ROOT/s10s_u9wos_14a mounted no -
# zfs set mountpoint=/mnt zpool/ROOT/s10s_u9wos_14a
# zfs list
NAME USED AVAIL REFER MOUNTPOINT
zpool 21.6G 112G 96K /zpool
zpool/ROOT 5.46G 112G 21K legacy
zpool/ROOT/s10s_u9wos_14a 5.46G 112G 5.37G /mnt
zpool/ROOT/s10s_u9wos_14a/var 92.3M 112G 92.3M /mnt/var
zpool/dump 1.00G 112G 1.00G -
zpool/export 44K 112G 23K /export
zpool/export/home 21K 112G 21K /export/home
zpool/swap 15.1G 127G 16K -
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------Just check the status of that mount point(zpool/ROOT/s10s_u9wos_14a) mounted on root
and set a mount point
6)# zfs get mountpoint zpool/ROOT/s10s_u9wos_14a
NAME PROPERTY VALUE SOURCE
zpool/ROOT/s10s_u9wos_14a mountpoint / local
# zfs get mounted zpool/ROOT/s10s_u9wos_14a
NAME PROPERTY VALUE SOURCE
zpool/ROOT/s10s_u9wos_14a mounted no -
# zfs set mountpoint=/mnt zpool/ROOT/s10s_u9wos_14a
# zfs list
NAME USED AVAIL REFER MOUNTPOINT
zpool 21.6G 112G 96K /zpool
zpool/ROOT 5.46G 112G 21K legacy
zpool/ROOT/s10s_u9wos_14a 5.46G 112G 5.37G /mnt
zpool/ROOT/s10s_u9wos_14a/var 92.3M 112G 92.3M /mnt/var
zpool/dump 1.00G 112G 1.00G -
zpool/export 44K 112G 23K /export
zpool/export/home 21K 112G 21K /export/home
zpool/swap 15.1G 127G 16K -
------------------------------------------------------------------------------go to /etc/shadow file using VI,create a copy of shadow file and change the value in
encrypted password field
8)# cd /mnt
# ls
bin dev export lib opt sbin usr zpool
boot devices home mnt platform system var
cdrom etc kernel net proc tmp vol
# cd /etc/
# vi shadow
"shadow" 17 lines, 338 characters
root::6445::::::
daemon:NP:6445::::::
bin:NP:6445::::::
sys:NP:6445::::::
adm:NP:6445::::::
lp:NP:6445::::::
uucp:NP:6445::::::
nuucp:NP:6445::::::
smmsp:NP:6445::::::
listen:*LK*:::::::
gdm:*LK*:::::::
webservd:*LK*:::::::
postgres:NP:::::::
svctag:*LK*:6445::::::
nobody:*LK*:6445::::::
noaccess:*LK*:6445::::::
nobody4:*LK*:6445::::::
(its difficult for vi rditor to work in some systems..in that case please make use of other unix commands to make changes to the file.For me also this didn't work.what i did was using vi commands like-w,cw,dw-i made changes)-------------------------------------------------------------------------umount the ZFS file system and change the mount point back to /
9)# cd /
# zfs umount zpool/ROOT/s10s_u9wos_14a
# zfs set mountpoint=/ zpool/ROOT/s10s_u9wos_14a
# zfs list
NAME USED AVAIL REFER MOUNTPOINT
zpool 21.6G 112G 96K /zpool
zpool/ROOT 5.46G 112G 21K legacy
zpool/ROOT/s10s_u9wos_14a 5.46G 112G 5.37G /
zpool/ROOT/s10s_u9wos_14a/var 92.3M 112G 92.3M /var
zpool/dump 1.00G 112G 1.00G -
zpool/export 44K 112G 23K /export
zpool/export/home 21K 112G 21K /export/home
zpool/swap 15.1G 127G 16K -
if you want to check again,got to /etc/shadow and again delete the entry in
encrypted shadow region(What i did was i took the encypted shadow part from a server for which i knew the root password and pasted here)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------10)init 6
now u can login to the server without a password if you have deleted the entry in /etc/shadow or with the password of the server from which you have taken the encrypted field /etc/shadow
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